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Grant support

Authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Spanish Research Agency through grant PID2020-112943RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Spain, grant PDC2021-121077-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Spain and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, the support of Generalitat Valenciana, Spain through grant CIAICO/2021/340, and grant INVEST/2022/439 funded by Generalitat Valenciana, Spain and the European Union Next GenerationEU/PRTR, and the grant FPU22/00791 funded by Ministerio de Ciencia Innovacion e Universidades, Spain.

Analysis of institutional authors

Navarro-Martínez, GalaCorresponding AuthorMartínez-Turégano, JaimeAuthorBlasco-Giménez, RamónAuthor

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December 30, 2024
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Control of a 15MW off-shore wind turbine for black-start operation

Publicated to:Mathematics And Computers In Simulation. 229 15-31 - 2025-03-01 229(), DOI: 10.1016/j.matcom.2024.09.013

Authors: Navarro-Martinez, Gala; Martinez-Turegano, Jaime; Blasco-Gimenez, Ramon

Affiliations

Univ Politecn Valencia, Res Inst Automat & Ind Informat ai2, Valencia, Spain - Author

Abstract

Grid forming wind turbines are crucial for achieving a 100% renewable based grid. The mechanical control of the wind turbines is usually designed for maximum power tracking operation. This paper includes the development of a wind turbine pitch controller considering the wider operational range of a grid forming wind turbine. The proposed controller tracks the optimal generation characteristic of the wind turbine when grid connected and is designed to cater for the different power levels when the wind turbine is operated in islanded mode (or grid-connected at partial power). The proposed controller does not require wind speed estimation for its operation and shows better performance than standard pitch controllers during grid-forming operation, particularly, limiting wind turbine speed excursion during block de- loading. Moreover, the proposed controller does not increase the mechanical loads of the key wind turbine elements. The performance of the proposed control is validated in a black start procedure with a full wind farm realistic real-time simulator, including detailed electrical and aeroelastic models of the wind turbine generator, wind farm and connecting HVDC link. Time and frequency domain validation using the real-time model has shown the performance of the proposed controller during black start operation.

Keywords

Black-startCo-simulatioCo-simulationFrequency scanGrid formingPitch controlWind turbine generator

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Mathematics And Computers In Simulation due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 55/175, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-07-20:

  • WoS: 3

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-20:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 7 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Navarro Martínez, Gala) and Last Author (Blasco Giménez, Ramón Manuel).

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Navarro Martínez, Gala.