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This research was supported by the Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Avila (Cuba); Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabi (UNESUM, Ecuador); the Agricultural Research Council (South Africa); and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain).

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EXPOSURE OF Calophyllum antillanum SEEDS TO LIQUID NITROGEN DELAYS SEEDLING EMERGENCE AND DECREASES LEAF ANTHRAQUINONES

Publicated to:Cryoletters. 43 (1): 58-65 - 2022-01-01 43(1), DOI: 10.54680/fr22110110812

Authors: Entensa, Ysmel; Gonzalez-Morales, Abel; Linares, Claudia; Gerardo Vazquez, Jose; Edel Martinez-Montero, Marcos; Zevallos-Bravo, Byron E; Hajari, Elliosha; Vicente, Oscar; Villalobos-Olivera, Ariel; Carlos Lorenzo, Jose

Affiliations

Agr Res Council, Plant Improvement, Trop & Subtrop Crops, Private Bag X11208, ZA-1200 Nelspruit, South Africa - Author
Univ Ciego de Avila, Bioplant Ctr, Lab Plant Breeding & Conservat Genet Resources, Ciego De Avila 69450, Cuba - Author
Univ Estatal Sur Manabi UNESUM, Jipijapa, Ecuador - Author
Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Conservat & Improvement Valencian Agrodivers, Valencia 46022, Spain - Author

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Trees within the Calophyllum genus are multi-use trees that produce valuable wood, phytochemicals with a range of biological activities, and seed oil as a source of biodiesel. As a consequence of climate change, there is a need to develop strategies to preserve valuable plant genetic resources. Cryopreservation represents the most suitable option for the long-term storage of germplasm with minimal space and maintenance requirements. OBJECTIVE: To determine appropriate methods to cryopreserve seeds of Calophyllum antillanum and maintain secondary compound production. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds at a moisture content of 6% were used to evaluate two treatments: seeds immersed in liquid nitrogen and control seeds. Biosynthetic pathway efficiency was assessed post-cryo by determining anthraquinone contents in roots, stems and leaves following 30 and 75 d of seedling growth. RESULTS: The results indicated that exposure to liquid nitrogen delayed germination and seedling emergence for a period of up to 45 d after seed sowing. By 60 d of cultivation, no significant differences in plant growth were observed for cryostored and control seeds. The levels of anthraquinones, which were also measured in seeds and seedlings, were lower in plants regenerated from cryostored seeds following 30 d of growth, but there were no differences in roots and stems by 75 d of growth. Furthermore, the difference in leaf anthraquinone levels for cryopreserved and control seeds at 75 d was much smaller than at 30 d. CONCLUSION: The low initial anthraquinone levels in emerging seedlings correlated with the initial slow growth of cryopreserved seeds.

Keywords
AnthraquinonesCalophyllumCalophyllum antillanumCryopreservationCultureElicitationEx situ conservationExtractionGenetic resourceNitrogenPerformancePlant leavesSeedlingsSeeds

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Cryoletters, and although the journal is classified in the quartile Q4 (Agencia WoS (JCR)), its regional focus and specialization in Physiology, give it significant recognition in a specific niche of scientific knowledge at an international level.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.46, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions May 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-05-25, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 4
Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-25:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 6.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 6 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 2 (Altmetric).
Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Cuba; Ecuador; South African Republic.