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Analysis of institutional authors

Tormos, BAuthorBermudez, VAuthorRuiz, SAuthorAlvis-Sanchez, JCorresponding Author

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October 28, 2024
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Degradation Effects of Base Oils after Thermal and Electrical Aging for EV Thermal Fluid Applications

Publicated to: LUBRICANTS. 11 (241): 241- - 2023-01-01 11(241), DOI: 10.3390/lubricants11060241

Authors:

Tormos, B.; Bermúdez, Vicente; Ruiz-Rosales, Santiago; Alvis-Sanchez, Jorge
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Affiliations

Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst CMT Motores Term - Author

Abstract

This study presents the experimental results of the effects on base oils after thermal and electrical aging to determine key parameters of next-generation fluids for thermal management in electric vehicles. The test fluids selected were a mineral base oil API G-III, an API G-IV Polyalphaolefin (PAO), a diester, and a polyolester, all of which had similar kinematic viscosity (KV100 = 4 cSt). All were initially characterized with measurements of density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, breakdown voltage, resistivity, and dissipation factor. They underwent two separate aging processes, one thermal, heating the test fluid at 150 & DEG;C for 120 h with a copper strip as a catalyst; and the second one an electrical aging process, with the application of 1000 breakdown voltage discharges. The same properties were measured again after each aging process and compared to the initial ones. It was found that the thermal properties ranged with similar values and did not suffer major changes after the aging processes, unlike electrical properties, which vary between samples and after thermal and electrical stress. The insights gained from this study have implications for both the development of next-generation e-thermal fluids and the future standardization of these fluids for EV thermal management applications. The findings of this study underscore the significance of formulating and selecting a suitable dielectric fluid for EV thermal management. By leveraging the insights provided, researchers and engineers can advance in the development of efficient and reliable e-thermal fluids while working towards future standardization to enhance the performance and safety of EV battery systems.
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Keywords

BatteryBattery thermal managementDissipation factorE-thermal fluidElectrical agingImmersion coolingImmersion cooling technologyResistivitySpecific heat capacityThermal agingThermal conductivity

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal LUBRICANTS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 48/183, thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Mechanical. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q2 para la agencia Scopus (SJR) en la categoría Surfaces, Coatings and Films.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.68. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.14 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-03, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 9
  • Scopus: 9
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-03:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 19 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Tormos Martínez, Bernardo Vicente) and Last Author (Alvis Sanchez, Jorge).

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Alvis Sanchez, Jorge.

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