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Muñoz-Pina, SAuthorDe Los Reyes, RuthAuthor

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October 30, 2024
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Review

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Review

Publicated to: Chemsuschem. 14 (1): 208-233 - 2021-01-07 14(1), DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001865

Authors:

de Greñu, BD; Torres, J; García-González, J; Muñoz-Pina, S; de los Reyes, R; Costero, AM; Amorós, P; Ros-Lis, JV
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Affiliations

Microbiotech SL - Author
Univ Valencia, Inst Ciencia Mat ICMUV, POB 22085 - Author
Univ Valencia, REDOLi Grp, Inorgan Chem Dept - Author
Univ Valencia, Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Interuniv Invest Reconocimiento Mol & Desarr, Doctor Moliner 50 - Author
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Abstract

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are relatively recent materials. They have received great attention due to their interesting properties. However, the application of microwaves in their synthesis, despite its advantages such as faster and more reproducible processes, is a minority. Herein, a comprehensive compilation of the research results published in the microwave-assisted synthesis (MAS) of COFs is presented. This review includes articles of 2D and 3D COFs prepared using microwaves as source of energy. The articles have been classified depending on the functional groups including boronate ester, imines, enamines, azines, and triazines, among others. It compiles the main parameters of synthesis and characteristics of the materials together with some general issues related with COFs and microwaves. Additionally, current and future perspectives of the topic have been discussed.
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Keywords

2d3dAminesBoronate estersCarbon-dioxideCatalystCofCovalent organic frameworkCovalent organic frameworksCrystallineDesignEnaminesFacile synthesisFuture perspectivesMain parametersMicrowave assisted synthesisMicrowave-assisted synthesisMicrowavesNanostructuresPerformancePolymerizationResearch resultsSource of energyStorageTriazine-based frameworks

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Chemsuschem due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2021, it was in position 30/179, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Chemistry, Multidisciplinary.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 6.26. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 7.92 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-01-13, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 143
  • Scopus: 145
  • Europe PMC: 36
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-01-13:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 162.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 161 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 9.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 6 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/182450
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Awards linked to the item

This research was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (RTI2018-100910-B-C44, RTI2018-100910-B-C42 and PEJ2018-004586-A), and the Generalitat Valenciana (CPTTGENT2018/004 and APOTIP/2019/A/023).
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