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Barjau, CAuthorGomez-Barquero, DAuthor

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Multimedia Public Warning Alert Trials Using eMBMS Broadcast, Dynamic Spectrum Allocation and Connection Bonding

Publicated to:Ieee Transactions On Broadcasting. 66 (2): 571-578 - 2020-06-01 66(2), DOI: 10.1109/TBC.2020.2989660

Authors: Jokela, Tero; Kalliovaara, Juha; Bot, Menno; Kokkinen, Heikki; Altman, Baruch; Barjau, Carlos; Sanders, Peter; Gomez-Barquero, David; Paavola, Jarkko

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Abstract

The European Commission requires all European Union (EU) Member States to use telecommunications networks to alert the population of an ongoing crisis or an upcoming threat by June 2022. Public Warning System in Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G System currently supports a text-based warning using Cell Broadcast technology. Cell Broadcast does not support multimedia warning message delivery. This paper analyses requirements that need to be fulfilled to support multimedia warning message delivery in the 5G System and describes trials of a broadcast multimedia public warning alert system. The trials demonstrate delivery of multimedia public warning messages using Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (eMBMS), dynamic spectrum management and bonded connections. By using eMBMS the public warning messages can be sent with additional robustness and in multicast mode, resulting also in less congestion to the network as the messages do not need to be sent separately to each user. Dynamic spectrum management system allows to dynamically obtain spectrum resources for the public warning system messages and the bonded connections improves the throughput and reliability of the delivery by combining the capacity of several different networks.

Keywords

, multilink5g5g mobile communication systems5g networksBonded connectionsBroadcastBroadcast technologyCellular networkCellular networksDynamic spectrum allocationDynamic spectrum allocationsDynamic spectrum managementEmbmsEuropean commissionInternational lawLong term evolution (lte)MulticastMulticastingMultilinkMultimediaMultimedia broadcast multicast servicesPaper analysisPublic warning systemRadioTelecommunications networksTrialsWarning messages

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Ieee Transactions On Broadcasting due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2020, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Media Technology. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 5.55, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-08, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 15
  • Scopus: 17

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-08:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 16 (PlumX).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Finland; Israel; Netherlands.