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June 2, 2025
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Counterbalancing Cations in Ru(III)-Zeolites to Fine-Tune the Catalytic Activity during the Dehydrogenative Aerobic Imination of Benzyl Alcohols

Publicated to: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 13 (21): 7984-7993 - 2025-05-20 13(21), DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01742

Authors:

Oliver-Meseguer, J; Leyva-Pérez, A
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Affiliations

Univ Politecn Valencia, Agencia Estatal Consejo Super Invest Cient, Inst Tecnol Quim UPV CSIC, Valencia 46022, Spain - Author

Abstract

The dehydrogenative imination of alcohols is an attractive reaction in organic synthesis that circumvents the use of unstable aldehyde intermediates and gives access to a variety of amine derivate products. However, most of the protocols reported so far employ soluble metal complex catalysts, which often allow a fine-tuned control of the reactivity through the ligand-metal interactions but lack any recoverability at the end of the reaction. Here, we show that RuCl3 exchanged into commercially available Y and X zeolites (faujasites) acts as a heterogeneous, reusable catalyst for the imination of benzyl alcohols under air. The alkaline counterbalancing cations naturally present in the Ru3+-faujasite framework (ranging from H+ to Cs+) finely control the catalytic activity of the Ru(III) site during the reaction, thereby combining the benefits of a simple, recoverable solid catalyst with finely tuned reactivity.
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Keywords

AminesCounterbalancing cationCoupling reactionsDehydrogenative iminationreactioHeterogeneous oxidationHeterogeneouscatalysisHydrotalciteIminesOne-pot synthesisOpen-airOxidant-free dehydrogenationRutheniumRuthenium catalystZeolite

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 24/176, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Chemical.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-05:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 3.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 3 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Oliver-Meseguer, Judit) and Last Author (Leyva-Perez, Antonio).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Leyva-Perez, Antonio.

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Awards linked to the item

This work is part of the project PID2023-148441NB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033MICIIN (Spain). Financial support by the Severo Ochoa Excellence Program (CEX2021-001230-S) is gratefully acknowledged. J.O.-M. thanks the MICINN for the concession of a Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC2022-036154-I). We thank Dr B. Lerma-Berlanga and Dr Y. Zheng for performing some zeolite characterization and M. Bacic for performing the HRTEM measurements.
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