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Analysis of institutional authors

Tinaut, FranciscoAuthorNovella, RicardoAuthorGómez-Soriano, JosepCorresponding AuthorGonzález-Domínguez, DavidAuthor

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July 31, 2025
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Article
Hybrid Gold

Numerical methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions in hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines for road transport

Publicated to: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY. 142 802-812 - 2025-06-27 142(), DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.235

Authors:

Tinaut, Francisco; Novella, Ricardo; Gomez-Soriano, Josep; Gonzalez-Dominguez, David
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Affiliations

Univ Politecn Valencia, CMT Clean Mobil & Thermofluids, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain - Author

Abstract

Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines (ICEs) are one of the most promising solutions for decarbonizing road transport, mainly thanks to the possibility of converting modern engines for hydrogen operation with minor changes. This study evaluates the environmental impact of a hydrogen-powered light-duty vehicle through a bottom-up numerical methodology consisting of four steps: calibrating a predictive hydrogen (H2) combustion model using single-cylinder engine simulations, optimizing via modeling the H2 consumption and NOx emissions of a multi-cylinder SI engine, assessing the fuel consumed and pollutants emitted by a hydrogen-powered sport utility vehicle through real driving cycle simulations, and finally performing a well-to-wheel analysis using the vehicle consumption rate. Engine and vehicle simulation results show that optimizing air dilution for NOx control rather than fuel economy achieves near-zero NOx with a slight fuel penalty. The optimization focused on fuel economy leads to a 3.5 % fuel saving, while the optimization targeting NOx control results in a reduction of only 2.7 %. In exchange, NOx emissions are reduced by up to 97 %, reaching as low as 17 mg/km. Based on the wellto-wheel analysis results, it is concluded that H2-fueled ICE light-duty vehicles could exhibit a lower environmental impact than other existing technologies. Considering the two extreme scenarios proposed by the EU, a progressive reduction in equivalent CO2 emissions can be observed from 2020 to 2050. Emissions decrease from values exceeding 20,000 kg CO2 to nearly zero or even negative levels.
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Keywords

1d simulationDecarbonizationHydrogen combustionReal driving emissionSpark-ignition engine

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 6/44, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Electrochemistry.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-18:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-18:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 16 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Tinaut Fluixá, Francisco Vicente) and Last Author (González Domínguez, David).

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Gómez Soriano, Josep.

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    Project objectives

    Esta aportación persigue los siguientes objetivos: analizar el impacto ambiental de vehículos ligeros propulsados por motores de combustión interna alimentados con hidrógeno mediante una metodología numérica; calibrar un modelo predictivo de combustión de hidrógeno a partir de simulaciones en motores monocilíndricos; optimizar el consumo de hidrógeno y las emisiones de NOx en motores de encendido por chispa multicilíndricos; evaluar el consumo de combustible y las emisiones contaminantes en vehículos utilitarios deportivos mediante simulaciones de ciclos de conducción reales; y realizar un análisis well-to-wheel basado en la tasa de consumo del vehículo para determinar la reducción progresiva de emisiones equivalentes de CO2 desde 2020 hasta 2050.
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    Most relevant results

    El estudio presenta una metodología numérica para evaluar las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en motores de combustión interna alimentados con hidrógeno para transporte por carretera. Los resultados más relevantes son: la optimización centrada en la economía de combustible permite un ahorro del 3,5 %; la optimización para el control de NOx reduce las emisiones hasta en un 97 %, alcanzando niveles mínimos de 17 mg/km; la optimización para NOx implica una penalización de combustible del 2,7 %; las simulaciones en ciclo real muestran que el control de dilución de aire es efectivo para minimizar NOx; y el análisis well-to-wheel indica una reducción progresiva de emisiones equivalentes de CO2 desde más de 20,000 kg en 2020 hasta niveles cercanos a cero o negativos en 2050, según escenarios de la UE.
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    Awards linked to the item

    Funded by the "Ayuda a Primeros Proyectos de Investigacion" (PAID-06-24), Vicerrectorado de Investigacion de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia UPV. Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.
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