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Ullah, ShafiAuthor

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August 6, 2025
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Discovery of new protein partners of anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) from cell-cell adhesion pathway using genetically-encoded photo-crosslinker DiZPK

Publicated to: BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY. 127 118225- - 2025-05-13 127(), DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2025.118225

Authors:

Ullah, Shafi; Merugu, Siva Bharath; Chen, Shiyao; Zhao, Yaxue; Li, Dawei; Zhou, Huchen
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Affiliations

Guangdong Med Univ, Sch Pharm, Dongguan 523808, Peoples R China - Author
Hainan Univ, Hainan Engn Res Ctr Drug Screening & Evaluat, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Haikou 570228, Peoples R China - Author
Hainan Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Trop Biol Resources, Haikou 570228, Peoples R China - Author
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China - Author
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Abstract

Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) has recently been reported as a tumor biomarker in various cancers including breast, prostate, and lung cancers. Thus, there have been great efforts to unveil the roles of AGR2 as an extracellular signaling molecule and intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone. However, it remains challenging to capture the whole protein interactome of AGR2 because both weak and transient interacting partners tend to be washed off during purification. In order to capture weak and transient interacting protein partners, a genetically-encoded photo-crosslinker, DiZPK (3-(3-methyl-3H-diazirine-3-yl)-propaminocarbonyl-N epsilon-L-lysine), was introduced at the essential domains of AGR2. Photo-crosslinking reaction of the recombinant mutant AGR2Q85DiZPK was subsequently initiated by UV light (365 nm) in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lysate. After purification and further analysis by LC-MS/MS, we identified a number of AGR2 partner proteins that are involved in the cell-cell adhesion pathway. Namely, they are desmosomes-related proteins including gamma-catenin, desmocollin-1 (DSC-1), desmoglein-1 (DSG-1), desmoplakin (DSP), and plakophillin-1 (PKP-1). Further protein-protein interaction studies, including immunofluorescence and molecular dynamic simulation analysis, especially using gamma-catenin as an example, corroborated with the observation that AGR2 directly interacts with gamma-catenin. We believe the identification of these new protein partners would help to unveil how AGR2 renders its roles in cell adhesion, migration, and ultimately metastasis of cancers, and these proteins are worthy of future in-depth study for the elucidation of AGR2-mediated cellular functions.
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Keywords

Agr2Beta-cateninBindinCell-cell adhesionDizpkGamma-cateniIsomerase agr2Photo-crosslinker

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 12/57, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Chemistry, Organic.

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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: China.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Ullah, Shafi) .

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Awards linked to the item

We acknowledge financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China grant No. 82273797 (HZ) , Startup funding from Hainan University (HZ) , and China Scholarship Council (SU) . The authors acknowledge Professor Peng Chen of Peking University for his generous gift of plasmid pSupAR-Mb-DiZPK-RS and DiZPK, and technical guidelines.
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