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Jiménez-Serrano, SantiagoAuthor

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December 3, 2024
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A Genomic Snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the Balearic Islands

Publicated to: Frontiers in Microbiology. 12 803827- - 2022-01-12 12(), DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.803827

Authors:

Lopez-Causape, Carla; Fraile-Ribot, Pablo A; Jimenez-Serrano, Santiago; Cabot, Gabriel; del Barrio-Tofino, Ester; Prado, M Carmen; Linares, Juana Maria; Lopez, Aranzazu; Hurtado, Adoracion; Riera, Elena; Serra, Antoni; Rosello, Eva; Carbo, Lluis; Fernandez-Baca, M Victoria; Gallegos, Carmen; Saurina, Juan; Arteaga, Emilio; Salom, M Magdalena; Salva, Antonia; Nicolau, Antoni; Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando; Comas, Inaki; Oliver, Antonio
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Affiliations

CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain - Author
CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain - Author
Hosp Can Misses, Serv Microbiol, Ibiza, Spain - Author
Hosp Comarcal Inca, Serv Microbiol, Inca, Spain - Author
Hosp Manacor, Serv Microbiol, Manacor, Spain - Author
Hosp Mateu Orfila, Serv Microbiol, Mahon, Spain - Author
Hosp Univ Son Espases, Inst Invest Sanitaria Islas Baleares, Serv Microbiol, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Hosp Univ Son Espases, Inst Invest Sanitaria Islas Baleares, Unidad Invest, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Hosp Univ Son Llatzer, Serv Microbiol, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Inst Biomed Valencia, Valencia, Spain - Author
Serv Epidemiol Islas Baleares, Gabinete Tecn Asistencial, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Serv Epidemiol Islas Baleares, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Univ Valencia, Inst Biol Integrat Sistemas I2SysBIO, Unidad Mixta Invest Infecc & Salud Publ, FISABIO,CSIC UV, Valencia, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Objective: To analyze the SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology in the Balearic Islands, a unique setting in which the course of the pandemic has been influenced by a complex interplay between insularity, severe social restrictions and tourism travels.Methods: Since the onset of the pandemic, more than 2,700 SARS-CoV-2 positive respiratory samples have been randomly selected and sequenced in the Balearic Islands. Genetic diversity of circulating variants was assessed by lineage assignment of consensus whole genome sequences with PANGOLIN and investigation of additional spike mutations.Results: Consensus sequences were assigned to 46 different PANGO lineages and 75% of genomes were classified within a VOC, VUI, or VUM variant according to the WHO definitions. Highest genetic diversity was documented in the island of Majorca (42 different lineages detected). Globally, lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2/AY.X were identified as the 2 major lineages circulating in the Balearic Islands during the pandemic, distantly followed by lineages B.1.177/B.1.177.X. However, in Ibiza/Formentera lineage distribution was slightly different and lineage B.1.221 was the third most prevalent. Temporal distribution analysis showed that B.1 and B.1.5 lineages dominated the first epidemic wave, lineage B.1.177 dominated the second and third, and lineage B.1.617.2 the fourth. Of note, lineage B.1.1.7 became the most prevalent circulating lineage during first half of 2021; however, it was not associated with an increased in COVID-19 cases likely due to severe social restrictions and limited travels. Additional spike mutations were rarely documented with the exception of mutation S:Q613H which has been detected in several genomes (n = 25) since July 2021.Conclusion: Virus evolution, mainly driven by the acquisition and selection of spike substitutions conferring biological advantages, social restrictions, and size population are apparently key factors for explaining the epidemic patterns registered in the Balearic Islands.
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Keywords

Genomic epidemiologyGenomic evolutionSars-cov-2Spike mutationSpike mutationsVariants

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Microbiology (Medical).

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-07:

  • WoS: 3
  • Europe PMC: 4
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-07:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 12.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 12 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 15.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 20 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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